锻压技术

Cu元素对背压挤压成形Al-Si合金涡旋盘微观组织及性能的影响

英文标题：Influence of Cu element on microstructure and properties of back-pressure extruded Al-Si alloy scroll

作者：王雷远1 杨阳2 杜亚都2

单位：1. 日照德信机械制造有限公司 2. 山东商业职业技术学院先进材料应用研究所

分类号：TG146.21

出版年,卷(期):页码：2025,50(8):139-145

摘要：

通过系统调节Cu含量，探究不同Cu含量对Al-Si合金微观组织演变和力学性能的影响规律，并设计制备3种新的高Cu含量Al-Si-Cu合金，并将制备的新合金材料的性能与商用4032铝合金进行对比分析。结果表明：随着Cu含量的增大，Al-Si-Cu合金的抗拉强度呈先升高再下降的趋势，当Cu含量为5%时，抗拉强度最大，为477.2 MPa；而合金硬度随着Cu含量的增大逐渐增大。相较于商用4032铝合金，Cu含量为5%时合金的抗拉强度与硬度分别提升了49%和16%。微观组织表征揭示了Cu元素通过固溶强化（溶解于α-Al基体）与沉淀强化（促进合金相的弥散分布）的双重作用机制，协同提升了材料性能。研制开发的新型Al-Si-Cu合金能够提升背压挤压成形涡旋盘的核心性能，为满足新能源汽车电驱动系统对涡旋盘日益严苛的性能要求提供了更优的材料解决方案。

Through systematically adjusting the Cu content, the influence laws of varying Cu contents on the microstructural evolution and mechanical properties of Al-Si alloys were investigated. Three novel high-Cu content Al-Si-Cu alloys were designed and prepared. The properties of the newly prepared alloys were compared and analyzed with those of the commercial 4032 aluminum alloy. The results indicate that the tensile strength of the Al-Si-Cu alloys presents a trend of first increasing and then decreasing with the increasing of Cu content. When the Cu content is 5%, the tensile strength reaches the maximum value of 477.2 MPa, while the hardness of the alloys gradually increases with the increasing of Cu content. Compared to the commercial 4032 aluminum alloy, the tensile strength and hardness of the alloy with 5% Cu content are increased by 49% and 16%, respectively. Microstructural characterization reveals that the Cu element synergistically improves the material properties through a dual mechanism of solution strengthening (dissolving in the α-Al matrix) and precipitation strengthening (promoting the dispersed distribution of alloy phases). The newly developed Al-Si-Cu alloys can enhance the core performance of back-pressure extruded scroll, providing a better material solution to meet the increasingly stringent performance requirements of scroll in the electric drive systems of new energy vehicles.

基金项目：

山东省科技型中小企业提升工程项目（2021TS-GC1346）

作者简介：王雷远（1969-），男，学士，高级工程师 E-mail：wlyjm-2002@163.com 通信作者：杨阳（1971-），男，工学博士，副教授 E-mail：gdyang@sdu.edu.cn

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