锻压技术

8418模具钢的高温变形行为及本构模型分析

英文标题：High-temperature deformation behavior and constitutive model analysis on 8418 die steel

单位：1.太原科技大学材料科学与工程学院 2.太原科技大学重型机械教育工程部研究中心

关键词：8418模具钢高温变形行为本构模型应变补偿Arrhenius模型动态再结晶热加工图

分类号：TG142

出版年,卷(期):页码：2025,50(7):239-247

摘要：

为了研究8418模具钢在高温条件下的变形行为及其本构模型，采用Gleeble-3800热模拟试验机进行热压缩实验，温度范围为950~1150 ℃，应变速率为0.01、0.1、1和10 s-1，压缩率为55%。实验结果显示：随着温度从950 ℃升高到1150 ℃，8418模具钢的应力显著降低；应变速率从0.01 s-1增加到10 s-1时，应力值显著提高。根据流变曲线，构建了应变补偿的Arrhenius本构模型，准确预测了高温变形行为。根据动态材料模型（Kumar-Prasad）建立了热加工图，确定了变形温度为1100~1150 ℃、应变速率为0.01~0.05 s-1为8418模具钢最佳热加工区域。显微组织分析显示，在最佳热加工区域，材料发生大面积动态再结晶，晶粒均匀且呈等轴状，表现出较好的加工稳定性。本研究为8418模具钢的热加工工艺参数的合理选择提供了重要参考。

In order to investigate the deformation behavior and constitutive model of 8418 die steel under high-temperature conditions, hot compression experiments were conducted by thermal simulation testing machine Gleeble-3800 with the temperature range of 950-1150 ℃, the strain rates of 0.01, 0.1, 1 and 10 s-1, and the compression ratio of 55%. The results show that as the temperature increases from 950 ℃ to 1150 ℃, the stress of 8418 die steel decreases significantly, and when the strain rate increases from 0.01 s-1 to 10 s-1, the stress value increases significantly. Based on the theological curve, the strain-compensated Arrhenius constitutive model was constructed to accurately predict the high-temperature deformation behavior of the material. According to the dynamic material model (Kumar-Prasad), a hot processing map was established, and the optimal hot working region of 8418 die steel was determined to be the deformation temperature of 1100-1150 ℃ and the strain rate of 0.01-0.05 s-1. Microstructural analysis shows that in the optimal hot working region, the material undergoes large-area dynamic recrystallization with uniform and equiaxed grains, demonstrating good processing stability. Thus, this study provides an important reference for the reasonable selection of hot processing parameters for 8418 die steel.

基金项目：

山西省科技成果引导专项（202204021301057）

作者简介：陈琦（1998-），男，硕士研究生 E-mail：857637648@qq.com 通信作者：李华英（1981-），男，博士，硕士生导师，教授 E-mail：lihy@tyust.edu.cn

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