锻压技术

内置加热通道对铝合金锻造模具温度场的影响

英文标题：Influence of built-in heating channel on temperature field of aluminum alloy forging dies

单位：1. 武汉理工大学汽车工程学院 2. 再制造技术国家级重点实验室 3. 武汉理工大学湖北隆中实验室

分类号：TG146.3

出版年,卷(期):页码：2025,50(7):198-210

摘要：

针对汽车铝合金带臂转向节热锻成形中热塑性差、锻造温度窗口窄及导热系数大的难题，以及模具温度控制不当而易导致表面裂纹、粗晶和粘连等缺陷的关键问题,建立了多种分布式内置加热通道铝合金锻造成形Deform数值仿真模型，并校核内置通道对模具承载能力的影响，探究了加热功率、加热通道孔径对其加热效果的影响规律，并搭建了多通道模具加热温控系统。通过热电偶和热成像仪测试实验验证了数值仿真模型的准确性及模具温度控制效果，可使模具温度在25 min内升至200 ℃，且温度控制误差为±10 ℃。为锻造模具内置加热通道结构设计及多通道温度场控制提供了重要参考。

For the problems of poor thermoplasticity, narrow forging temperature window and large thermal conductivity in the hot forging of automotive aluminum alloy steering knuckle with arm, and the key problems of surface cracks, coarse grains and adhesions caused by improper die temperature control, Deform numerical simulation models of aluminum alloy forging with distributed built-in heating channels were established, and the influence of built-in channels on the load-bearing capacity of dies were verified. Then, the influence laws of heating power and heating channel aperture on its heating effect were explored, and a multi-channel die heating temperature control system was built. Furthermore, the accuracy of numerical simulation model and the effect of die temperature control were verified by thermocouple and thermal imager test experiments. The results show that the die temperature can rise to 200 ℃ within 25 min, and the temperature control error is ±10 ℃, which provides an important reference for the structural design on the built-in heating channel of forging die and the control of multi-channel temperature field.

基金项目：

国家重点研发计划(2022YFB3706903)；湖北省自然科学基金资助项目（2023AFB060）；再制造技术国家级重点实验室基金资助项目（61420052023D011）；襄阳市科技计划项目（XYZX20230801）；湖北省科技重大专项（2023BCA006）

作者简介：戚宏伟（2000-），男，硕士研究生 E-mail：eternity_qhw@163.com 通信作者：胡泽启（1991-），男，博士，副研究员 E-mail：zeqi.hu@whut.edu.cn

参考文献：

[1]GB 18352.6—2016, 轻型汽车污染物排放限值及测量方法（中国第六阶段）[S].

GB 18352.6—2016, Limits and measurement methods for emissions from lightduty vehicles(CHINA 6) [S].

[2]夏巨谌,邓磊,张茂,等.高端商务车铝合金转向节精密铸锻复合成形工艺优化[J].锻压技术,2024,49(8):1-5.

Xia J C, Deng L, Zhang M, et al. Optimization of precision casting and forging composite forming process for highend business car aluminum alloy steering knuckles[J]. Forging & Stamping Technology, 2024, 49(8): 1-5.

[3]周礼菊,孙如梦,高振伟,等.基于CAE的汽车铝合金控制臂锻造成形工艺[J].锻压技术,2024,49(3):1-7.

Zhou L J, Sun R M, Gao Z W, et al. Forging process of automobile aluminum alloy control arms based on CAE [J]. Forging & Stamping Technology, 2024, 49(3): 1-7.

[4]Choi J S, Nawaz S,Hwang S K, et al. Forgeability of ultrafine grained aluminum alloy for bolt forming[J].International Journal of Mechanical Sciences,2010,52(10):1269-1276.

[5]Yoshimura H,Tanaka K.Precision forging of aluminum and steel[J].Journal of Materials Processing Technology,2000,98(2):196-204.

[6]Abedrabbo N,Pourboghrat F,Carsley J.Forming of aluminum alloys at elevated temperatures-Part 2: Numerical modeling and experimental verification[J].International Journal of Plasticity,2005,22(2):342-373.

[7]李泰栋,沈子宜,贾亚东,等.电热变模温注塑模具加热系统优化研究[J].塑料工业,2019,47(1):51-55，78.

Li T D, Shen Z Y, Jia Y D, et al. Optimization study of electric heating system for temperaturevariable injection molding molds[J]. China Plastic Industry, 2019, 47(1): 51-55, 78.

[8]刘锋,李吉泉,彭翔,等. 限定加热管布局的快速热循环注塑成形模具电加热系统优化[J]. 中国机械工程, 2020, 31 (22): 2699-2707.

Liu F, Li J Q, Peng X, et al. Optimization of electric heating system for rapid thermal cycling injection molding molds with fixed heating tube layout[J]. Chinese Journal of Mechanical Engineering, 2020, 31(22): 2699-2707.

[9]李熹平,赵国群,管延锦,等. 快速热循环注塑模具加热与冷却过程分析及其结构优化设计[J]. 塑性工程学报, 2009, 16 (1):196-201.

Li X P, Zhao G Q, Guan Y J, et al. Analysis of heating and cooling processes in rapid thermal cycling injection molding molds and their structural optimization design[J]. Journal of Plastic Engineering, 2009, 16(1): 196-201.

[10]Guo Z C, Xie J, Yang J H, et al. Rapid mold temperature rising method for PEEK microcellular injection molding based on induction heating[J]. Journal of Materials Research and Technology, 2023, 26:3285-3300.

[11]Li X P,Zhao G Q, Guan Y J, et al. Optimal design of heating channels for rapid heating cycle injection mold based on response surface and genetic algorithm [J]. Materials and Design, 2009, 30 (10):4317-4323.

[12]Xiao C,Huang H.Optimal design of heating system in rapid thermal cycling blow mold by a twostep method based on sequential quadratic programming[J].International Communications in Heat and Mass Transfer,2018,96:114-121.

[13]CervantesVallejo F J, HernándezNavarro C, CamarilloGómez Karla A, et al. Thermalstructural optimization of a rapid thermal response mold: Comprehensive simulation of a heating rod system and a fluid cooling system implemented MSRPSOFEM[J]. Thermal Science and Engineering Progress, 2024, 47: 102279.

[14]肖成龙,曾盛渠.线圈内置式变模温成型模具感应加热系统优化[J].塑料工业,2023,51(4):81-87.

Xiao C L, Zeng S Q. Optimization of induction heating system for temperaturevariable molding molds with internal coil[J]. China Plastic Industry, 2023, 51(4): 81-87.

[15]刘雪飞,李磊,石娟昌,等.基于性能梯度分布的B柱加强件热冲压模具冷却系统研究[J].热加工工艺,2020,49 (21):89-95,98.

Liu X F, Li L, Shi J C, et al. Study on the cooling system of Bpillar reinforcement hot stamping molds based on performance gradient distribution[J]. Hot Working Technology, 2020, 49(21): 89-95, 98.

[16]白鹭,邵长斌,袁红霞,等.铝合金楔横轧模具加热控温系统的设计及应用[J].锻压技术,2023,48(11):174-178.

Bai L, Shao C B, Yuan H X, et al. Design and application of heating and temperature control system for aluminum alloy wedge crossrolling molds[J]. Forging & Stamping Technology, 2023, 48(11): 174-178.

[17]陈万康,颜义鹏,高雁辉.大型风电叶片模具电加热系统设计[J].现代制造技术与装备,2024,60(3):47-49.

Chen W K, Yan Y P, Gao Y H. Design of electric heating system for large wind turbine blade molds[J]. Modern Manufacturing Technology and Equipment, 2024, 60(3): 47-49.

[18]Xiao C L, Kahve C, Fu C M. Multiobjective optimization of heating system for rapid thermal cycling molding mold with internal induction heating [J].SN Applied Sciences,2021,3:673.

[19]Wang G L,Zhao G Q,Li H P, et al. Multiobjective optimization design of the heating/cooling channels of the steamheating rapid thermal response mold using particle swarm optimization [J]. International Journal of Thermal Sciences, 2011, 50 (5): 790-802.

[20]朱明善，刘颖，林兆庄，等. 工程热力学 [M]. 第二版.北京：清华大学出版社，2011.

Zhu M S, Liu Y, Lin Z Z, et al. Engineering Thermodynamics [M]. 2nd Edition. Beijing: Tsinghua University Press, 2011.

[21]唐全波,伍太宾.温成形模具的加热系统设计[J].热加工工艺,2008,37(3):34-36.

Tang Q B, Wu T B. Design of heating system for temperatureforming molds[J]. Hot Working Technology, 2008, 37(3): 34-36.

服务与反馈：

【文章下载】【加入收藏】