锻压技术

铝合金吸能梁用型材的挤压模拟及性能研究

英文标题：Extrusion simulation and performance study on profiles for aluminum alloy energy-absorbing beams

单位：1.临沂市工业和信息化发展促进中心 2.山东豪门铝业有限公司 3.山东省高强韧铝合金型材与技术重点实验室 4.临沂大学机械与车辆工程学院 5.山东欧亚浩新能源科技有限公司 6.山东大学金属成形高端装备与先进技术全国重点实验室

分类号：TG146.21

出版年,卷(期):页码：2025,50(7):96-105

摘要：

以吸能梁用型材为研究对象，通过数值模拟与实验验证相结合，系统性地分析与探讨了其挤压成形工艺。基于BoxBehnken实验设计方法，开展了挤压工艺参数优化，并对优化结果进行了实验验证和性能分析。结果表明：挤压速度对薄壁铝合金型材成形过程中的材料流动均匀性及挤压力具有决定性影响,其最佳工艺条件为：坯料温度为487.16 ℃、模具温度为525 ℃、挤压筒温度为417.35 ℃、挤压速度为0.5 mm·s-1。对该工艺参数开展挤压实验，所得型材表面光洁度良好且未观察到明显缺陷。性能分析显示，150 ℃×12 h时效工艺下型材的性能最优，满足了实际生产需求。

For energy-absorbing beam profiles, its extrusion forming process was systematically analyzed and discussed by the combination of numerical simulation and experimental verification. Then, based on the Box-Behnken experimental design method, the extrusion process parameters were optimized, and the experimental verification and performance analysis were conducted on the optimization results. The results show that the extrusion speed has a decisive influence on the material flow uniformity and extrusion force during the forming process of thin-walled aluminum alloy profiles. The optimal process condition is the billet temperature of 487.16 ℃, the die temperature of 525 ℃, the extrusion barrel temperature of 417.35 ℃, and the extrusion speed of 0.5 mm·s-1. Based on the above process parameters, the extrusion experiments are conducted, the surface roughness of the obtained profile is good and no obvious defects are obtained. The performance analysis shows that the performance of profile under the aging process of 150 ℃×12 h is the best，which meets the actual production requirements.

基金项目：

山东省技术创新引导计划 (中央引导地方科技发展资金)（YDZX2024108ZKT）；山东省科技型中小企业创新能力提升工程项目（2023TSGC0459ZKT）

作者简介：宋夕超（1986-），男，硕士，高级工程师 E-mail：563003689@qq.com 通信作者：孙雪梅（1984-），女，博士，教授 E-mail：sunxuemei@lyu.edu.cn

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