锻压技术

一种车用防松螺母冲孔冲头磨损仿真及结构优化

英文标题：Wear simulation and structural optimization on piercing punch for an automotive anti-loosening nut

作者：李伟阳龙扬纪林章

分类号：TG316.1+5

出版年,卷(期):页码：2025,50(7):21-28

摘要：

针对一种车用防松螺母冲孔工序中冲孔冲头工作面磨损量大而导致失效快的问题，采用有限元仿真进行磨损分析。首先，利用拉伸试验获取材料流动应力数据并建立本构方程，同时完成冲孔工序模型、材料断裂模型以及冲头磨损模型等的建立；其次，研究并比较了不同种类冲头对磨损的影响，确定了Ⅳ型冲头为最佳；最后，为使Ⅳ型冲头寿命最大化，综合考虑冲孔参数和冲头参数的影响，借助正交试验完成了方案设计与优化。研究结果显示：当冲孔速度为20 mm·s-1、冲孔间隙为0.10 mm、冲头前角为35°、冲头端面直径为Φ3.0 mm、冲头圆角半径为R0.4 mm时，冲头产生的磨损量最小，并通过实际冲孔试验验证了此结果。最终优化后每个冲头的寿命延长至7386件。

For the problem of rapid failure caused by excessive wear on the working surface of punch in the piercing process for an automotive anti-loosening nut, its wear analysis was conducted by finite element simulation. Firstly, the material flow stress data was obtained by tensile test, and the constitutive equation was established. At the same time, the piercing process model, material fracture model and punch wear model were established. Secondly, the influences of different types of punches on the wear were studied and compared, and Type IV punch was determined to be the best. Finally, in order to maximize the service life of Type IV punch, the piercing parameters and punch parameters were comprehensively considered, and the scheme design and optimization were completed by orthogonal test. The research results show that when the piercing speed is 20 mm·s-1, the piercing clearance is 0.10 mm, the front angle of punch is 35°, the end face diameter of punch is Φ3.0 mm, and the fillet radius of punch is R0.4 mm, the punch wear is minimized, and this result is verified by actual piercing tests. After optimization, the service life of each punch increases to 7386 pieces.

基金项目：

上海应用技术大学重点毕业设计项目(1011LW250099-A22)

作者简介：李伟阳（1987-），男，硕士，助理实验师 E-mail：0CX32@aliyun.com 通信作者：纪林章（1981-），男，博士，高级实验师 E-mail：jlz81@163.com

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