锻压技术

基于DEFORM模拟的42CrMo4钢锻造过程中的组织演变规律

英文标题：Microstructure evolution laws on 42CrMo4 steel during forging process based on DEFORM simulation

分类号：TG316.4

出版年,卷(期):页码：2025,50(7):10-20

摘要：

42CrMo4钢以其优异的性能成为风电轴承套圈的首选材料，但其热变形过程复杂，真实工件尺度下组织演变的研究较少，影响其优化调控。利用DEFORM有限元软件模拟42CrMo4钢的实际生产过程，建立高温热变形的组织演变模型，研究温度场、应变场和微观组织变化对奥氏体演变机制及晶粒尺寸变化的影响。结果表明:在第3次镦粗时,最大载荷为68920 kN；因应变速率低于0.06 s-1，镦粗过程中锤头接触区外奥氏体发生100%动态再结晶；锤头接触区外奥氏体晶粒在第1次镦粗时显著细化至约70 μm，而锤头接触区的奥氏体在第1次拔长时细化至约40 μm；后续锻造过程对奥氏体晶粒细化影响不大，且变形间隔奥氏体会略微粗化。

42CrMo4 steel has become the preferred material for wind turbine bearing rings due to its excellent properties, but the complexity of its thermal deformation process and the limited research on microstructure evolution under the actual workpiece scale affects its optimization and regulation. Therefore, the actual production process of 42CrMo4 steel was simulated by finite element software DEFORM, and its microstructure evolution model during high-temperature thermal deformation was established to research the influences of temperature field, strain field and microstructure changes on the austenite transformation mechanisms and grain size variations. The results show that the maximum load reaches 68920 kN during the third upsetting process. Because the strain rate is lower than 0.06 s-1, the austenite outside the hammer contact zone undergoes 100% dynamic recrystallization during the upsetting process. The austenite grains outside the hammer contact zone are significantly refined to about 70 μm during the first upsetting, while the austenite in the hammer contact zone is refined to about 40 μm during the first drawing. The subsequent forging processes has little effect on the refinement of austenite grains, and the austenite in the deformation interval is slightly coarsened.

基金项目：

中央引导地方科技发展资金资助项目（2024ZY02008）

作者简介：高晟（2003-），男，本科生 E-mail：gaosheng0109@163.com 通信作者：沈鑫珺（1989-），男，博士，副教授 E-mail：xjshen88@suda.edu.cn

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