锻压技术

粉末高温合金大规格空心坯料制备技术

英文标题：Manufacture technology of large-sized hollow billet for powder superalloy

分类号：TG376.2

出版年,卷(期):页码：2025,50(3):197-204

摘要：

采用Φ600 mm×Φ350 mm（外径×内径）的大规格粉末高温合金挤压管材制备先进航空发动机鼓筒轴等环（筒）类件已成为现今新的研究方向。针对Φ660 mm×Φ315 mm×1070 mm（外径×内径×长度）小规格空心粉末高温合金锭不能作为900系列直接挤压的坯料问题，研发了“包套包覆+内置芯轴+保温垫块”高温合金锭结构，开展了高温合金闭式镦粗金属流动规律研究，同时应用数值模拟技术，分析了材料和工艺参数对坯料形状尺寸的影响。结果表明：粉末高温合金空心坯进行包覆时，选择长度为750 mm且材质为40Cr钢的芯轴、厚度为100 mm且材质为15钢的底座及端盖、厚度为30 mm且材质为15钢的硬包套，加热闭式镦粗后粉末合金表面无开裂，去除芯轴后坯料内孔直径≥Φ355 mm，满足挤压工艺要求。

The use of large-scale powder superalloy extrusion tube of Φ600 mm×Φ350 mm (outer diameter × inner diameter) to prepare advanced aero-engine drum shafts and other ring (cylinder) parts has become a new research direction today. For the problem that small-scale hollow powder superalloy ingot of Φ660 mm × Φ315 mm × 1070 mm (outer diameter × inner diameter × length) could not be used as the billet for direct extrusion of the 900 series, a superalloy ingot structure of “jacket cladding+built-in mandrel+insulation pad” was developed, and the metal flow law of closed upsetting for superalloy was studied. At the same time, the influence degrees of different materials and process parameters on the shape and size of the billet were analyzed by numerical simulation technology. The results show that when cladding the hollow billet of powder superalloy,the mandrel of 40Cr steel with the length of 750 mm,the base and end cover of steel 15 with the thickness of 100 mm, and the hard jacket of steel 15 with the thickness of 30 mm are selected. After heating and closed upsetting, there is no cracking on the surface of powder alloy. After removing the mandrel, the inner hole diameter of the billet is ≥Φ355 mm, which meets the requirements of the extrusion process.

基金项目：

作者简介：杨秀清（1966-），女，学士，正高级工程师 E-mail：yangxiuqing360b@126com

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