锻压技术

40CrNi4Mo1V高强钢高温氧化特性

英文标题：High-temperature oxidation characteristics of 40CrNi4Mo1V high-strength steel

单位：1. 中国机械总院集团北京机电研究所有限公司 2. 北京科技大学新金属材料全国重点实验室

分类号：TG172.3

出版年,卷(期):页码：2025,50(3):51-57

摘要：

研究了40CrNi4Mo1V高强钢在空气中950、1220 ℃下氧化1~10 h形成的氧化层。利用光学显微镜、场发射扫描电子显微镜及能谱仪对氧化层的形貌、厚度、组成及热裂纹和内生氧化质点进行了分析。研究发现，氧化温度比氧化时间对氧化层厚度的影响更为显著。1220 ℃下氧化10 h形成厚度超过3800 μm的氧化层，氧化层向基体的过渡区存在铁铬氧化相和铁镍金属相交错的混合组织，沿靠近基体方向，铁镍金属相中Ni质量分数由642%降至95%。铁铬氧化相和铁镍金属相机械互锁，增加了氧化层附着力，破坏了基体金属的连续性，引起基体内热裂纹。初生微裂纹的毛细虹吸作用提高了裂纹中的氧浓度，裂纹处铬、铁元素氧化引起体积膨胀，加速裂纹扩展，裂纹附近形成铁铬氧化物为主的内生氧化质点。

The oxide layers formed on 40CrNi4Mo1V high strength steel at 950 and 1220 ℃ in air for 1-10 h were investigated, and the morphology, thickness, composition, thermal cracks and endogenous oxide particles of the oxide layer were analyzed by optical microscopy, field emission scanning electron microscopy and energy spectroscopy. The results show that the oxidation temperature exerts a more substantial influence on the thickness of oxide layer compared to the oxidation time. Oxidation at 1220 ℃ for 10 h forms an oxide layer with a thickness of exceeding 3800 μm. In the transition zone from the oxide layer to the matrix, there is a mixed structure of Fe-Cr oxide phases and Fe-Ni metal phases. Along the direction close to the matrix, the mass fraction of Ni in the Fe-Ni metal phase decreases from 64.2% to 9.5%. The mechanical interlocking of the Fe-Cr oxide phase and the Fe-Ni metal phase increases the adhesion of the oxide layer, destroys the continuity of the matrix metal, and causes thermal cracking in the matrix. The capillary siphon effect of the primary microcracks increases the oxygen concentration in the cracks. The oxidation of Cr and Fe elements at the cracks causes volume expansion, accelerates the crack propagation, and forms endogenous oxidation particles mainly composed of Fe-Cr oxides near the cracks.

基金项目：

国防基础科研计划（JCKY2022208A002）

作者简介：韩冲（1990-），男，工学学士，工程师 E-mail：2234852297@qq.com 通信作者：刘佳伟（1990-），男，博士，助理工程师 E-mail：liu_jiawei163@163.com

参考文献：

[1]辛泽洲, 武志博, 马铁华, 等. 下一代155 mm火炮系统技术分析与展望[J].火炮发射与控制学报, 2024,45(6):23-31.

Xin Z Z, Wu Z B, Ma T H, et al. Technical analysis and outlook of the next generation 155 mm artillery system[J]. Journal of Gun Launch & Control, 2024,45(6):23-31.

[2]吕红娟, 高晨宁, 姬淑娟. 小口径火炮系统射击精度分析及试验方法研究[J]. 火炮发射与控制学报, 2024,45(4):95-100.

Lyu H J, Gao C N, Ji S J. Analysis of firing accuracy of smallcaliber artillery system and research on test method[J]. Journal of Gun Launch & Control, 2024,45(4):95-100.

[3]徐凤杰. 大口径火炮不确定性博弈优化研究[D]. 南京:南京理工大学, 2022.

Xu F J. Optimization Study of Largecaliber Artillery Uncertainty Game [D]. Nanjing: Nanjing University of Science and Technology, 2022.

[4]田齐. 复活的“十字军战士”美国陆军新一代155毫米自行火炮研发历程综述[J]. 坦克装甲车辆, 2023(1):19-25.

Tian Q. Resurrecting the “Crusader”: An overview of the development of the USArmy′s nextgeneration 155 mm selfpropelled artillery[J]. Tank & Armoured Vehicle, 2023(1):19-25.

[5]刘宇鑫.火炮身管热烧蚀行为分析研究[D]. 沈阳: 沈阳理工大学, 2023.

Liu Y X. Analytical Study on Thermal Ablation Behavior of Artillery Body Tube [D]. Shenyang: Shenyang University of Science and Technology, 2023.

[6]Li L J, Wang L, Liang Z D, et al. Effects of Ni and Cr on the hightemperature oxidation behavior and mechanisms of Co-and CoNibase superalloys[J]. Materials & Design, 2022,224:111291.

[7]Saunders S R J, Monteiro M, Rizzo F. The oxidation behaviour of metals and alloys at high temperatures in atmospheres containing water vapour: A review[J]. Progress in Materials Science, 2008,53:775-837.

[8]王畅, 于洋, 王林, 等. 合金元素对双相钢高温氧化特性的影响[J]. 热加工工艺, 2018,47(16):87-91,96.

Wang C, Yu Y, Wang L, et al. Influence of alloying elements on hightemperature oxidation characteristics of duplex steels[J]. Hot Working Technology, 2018,47(16):87-91,96.

[9]袁晓云, 赵阳, 陈礼清. Cr含量对高锰奥氏体TWIP钢高温氧化行为的影响[J]. 东北大学学报(自然科学版), 2016,37(2):184-188.

Yuan X Y, Zhao Y, Chen L Q. Effect of Cr content on high temperature oxidation behavior of high manganese austenitic TWIP steel[J]. Journal of Northeastern University (Natural Science Edition), 2016,37(2):184-188.

[10]朱蓉, 张淇, 米振莉, 等. Cr对22MnB5热成形钢高温氧化行为的影响[A]. 中国金属学会.第十四届中国钢铁年会论文集 [C]. 北京, 2023.

Zhu R, Zhang Q, Mi Z L, et al. Effect of Cr on the high temperature oxidation behavior of 22MnB5 hot forming steel[A]. Chinese Society for Metals. Proceedings of the 14th Annual Conference of China Iron and Steel [C]. Beijing, 2023.

[11]侯瑞东, 张双杰, 孙萃芳, 等. Cr元素对钢高温氧化行为的影响[J]. 塑性工程学报, 2018,25(2):276-283.

Hou R D, Zhang S J, Sun C F, et al. Effect of Cr element on high temperature oxidation behavior of steel[J]. Journal of Plasticity Engineering, 2018,25(2):276-283.

[12]程磊, 孙彬, 高炜, 等. 氧化时间及铬含量对FeCr钢高温氧化行为的影响[J]. 金属热处理, 2021,46(7):65-71.

Cheng L, Sun B, Gao W, et al. Effects of oxidation time and chromium content on the high temperature oxidation behavior of FeCr steel[J]. Heat Treatment of Metals, 2021,46(7):65-71.

[13]张伟. 不同铬含量耐热钢的高温蒸汽氧化行为研究[D]. 北京：钢铁研究总院, 2023.

Zhang W. Study on high Temperature Steam Oxidation Behavior of Heat Resistant Steels with Different Chromium Contents [D]. Beijing: Central Iron & Steel Research Institute, 2023.

[14]张亮亮，吕博，王建功，等.短流程工艺低碳钢氧化铁皮缺陷成因分析[J].锻压技术，2023，48(4)：146-151，264.

Zhang L L，Lyu B，Wang J G，et al. Analysis on cause of iron oxide scale defect for low carbon steel in short process process [J]. Forging & Stamping Technology，2023，48(4)：146-151，264.

[15]张鑫，白亚冠，聂义宏，等. GH4169高温合金复合热压缩界面愈合与界面氧化物研究[J].锻压技术，2023，48(7)：35-44.

Zhang X，Bai Y G，Nie Y H，et al. Research on interfacial healing and interfacial oxides for superalloy GH4169 composite hot compression[J]. Forging & Stamping Technology，2023，48(7)：35-44.

[16]廖琳琳. 中碳钢盘条的高温氧化行为研究[J]. 轧钢, 2022,39(3):57-65.

Liao L L. Study on the high temperature oxidation behavior of medium carbon steel coils[J]. Steel Rolling, 2022,39(3):57-65.

[17]Pilling N B, Bedworth R E. The oxidation of metals at high temperatures[J]. Journal of the Institute of Metals, 1923, 29: 529-535.

[18]袁清. 低碳含Si钢高温氧化行为及网格状Fe2SiO4/FeO形成机理研究[D]. 武汉：武汉科技大学, 2019.

Yuan Q. Study on High Temperature Oxidation Behavior and Lattice Fe2SiO4/FeO Formation Mechanism of Low Carbon Si Containing Steel [D]. Wuhan: Wuhan University of Science and Technology, 2019.

[19]Asai T, Soshiroda T, Miyahara M. Influence scale in of Ni impurity in steel hydraulic descaling[J]. The Iron and Steel Institute of Japan International, 1997, 37(3): 272-277.

服务与反馈：

【文章下载】【加入收藏】