锻压技术

径向锻造变形量对40CrNi4MoV钢组织的影响

英文标题：Influence of radial forging deformation amount on microstructure of 40CrNi4MoV steel

单位：1.中国机械总院集团北京机电研究所有限公司3 2.北京科技大学材料科学与工程学院

分类号：TG317； TG113.1

出版年,卷(期):页码：2025,50(3):40-50

摘要：

对比分析了不同径向锻造变形量对40CrNi4MoV钢显微组织的影响。研究结果表明：40CrNi4MoV钢的成分偏析在挤压后退火+径向锻造后退火后得到明显改善，且组织更加均匀。径向锻造后退火态40CrNi4MoV钢的显微组织主要为回火索氏体+细小弥散分布的碳化物。内表面碳化物尺寸较大，分布更为密集且均匀，而外表面碳化物尺寸较小，分布更为稀疏。经径向锻造后试样中间层存在较强的织构，轴向组织中存在<111>和<001>晶粒取向，径向组织中存在<101>晶粒取向。小变形量条件下存在组织不均匀性，部分区域存在聚集的小尺寸晶粒。增大变形量，使组织细化的同时，组织分布更为均匀。径向锻造过程中，增大变形量可以保证锻件组织的均匀性，故可以适当提高变形量。

The influences of different radial forging deformation amounts on the microstructure of 40CrNi4MoV steel were compared and analyzed. The research results show that the composition segregation of 40CrNi4MoV steel is significantly improved after extrusion + annealing + radial forging + annealing, and the microstructure is more homogenized. The microstructure of annealed 40CrNi4MoV steel after radial forging is mainly tempered troostite + fine dispersed carbides. The carbides on the inner surface are larger in size, more densely and uniformly distributed, while the carbides on the outer surface are smaller in size and more sparsely distributed. After radial forging, there is a strong texture in the middle layer of the sample, there are <111> and <001> grain orientations in the axial structure and <101> grain orientation in the radial structure. The microstructure distribution under small deformation amount condition is uneven, and there are small-sized grains aggregated in some areas. After increasing the deformation amount, the microstructure is refined and the distribution of microstructure is more uniform. In radial forging process, increasing the deformation amount can ensure the microstructure uniformity of the forgings. Thus, the deformation amount can be appropriately increased during the radial forging process.

基金项目：

国防基础科研计划（JCKY2022208A002）

作者简介：樊振宇（1998-），男，硕士，助理工程师 E-mail：fanzhenyu1118@163.com 通信作者：蒋波（1990-），男，博士，副教授 E-mail：jiangbo@ustb.edu.cn

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