锻压技术

塑性变形过程中加热保温时间对铸锭组织变化的影响

英文标题：Effect of holding time on microstructural evolution of ingot during plastic deformation process

分类号：TG314.3

出版年,卷(期):页码：2025,50(3):14-22

摘要：

高强度大口径阶梯厚壁管是决定多种重要装备服役性能的关键部件，明确其显微组织特征与力学性能参数具有重要意义。利用光学显微镜、背散射电子衍射技术对比分析了阶梯厚壁钢管所需铸锭材料40CrNi4MoV钢的保温时间对晶粒尺寸变化和显微组织的影响。研究结果表明，在始锻温度为1200 ℃的条件下，保温时间较短时,镦粗过程中易引起内部开裂。在塑性变形条件下,保温时间对晶粒组织细化的影响效果不明显，通过EBSD方法研究发现不同晶粒方向的晶粒之间的微观组织发生了明显变化。高温塑性变形细化晶粒依然是最为有效的方法，后续进行生产工艺优化时可进行相应调整。

High-strength large-diameter stepped thick-walled pipes are critical components determining the service performance of various important equipment, and clarifying their microstructural characteristics and mechanical property parameters is of great importance. The effects of holding time on grain size evolution and microstructure in 40CrNi4MoV steel of ingot material for stepped thick-walled steel pipes were comparatively analyzed using optical microscopy and electron backscatter diffraction (EBSD) techniques. The results indicate that insufficient holding time at an initial forging temperature of 1200 ℃ tends to induce the internal cracking during the upsetting process. The holding time demonstrates negligible influence on the refinement of grain structure under plastic deformation conditions, while distinct microstructural variations between grains with different grain orientations were observed through EBSD method. High-temperature plastic deformation for grain refinement remains the most effective method, and corresponding adjustments can be implemented during the subsequent production process optimization.

基金项目：

国防基础科研计划（JCKY2022208A002）

作者简介：马庆贤（1964-），男，博士，教授 E-mail：maqxdme@mail.tsinghua.edu.cn

参考文献：

[1]胡士廉, 吕彦, 胡俊, 等. 高强韧厚壁炮钢材料的发展[J]. 兵器材料科学与工程, 2018, 41(6): 108-112.

Hu S L, Lyu Y, Hu J, et al. Progress in high strength and toughness of steel material for thick-wall cannon[J]. Ordnance Material Science and Engineering, 2018, 41(6): 108-112.

[2]郭峰, 黄进峰, 吴护林, 等. 高强韧性炮钢的组织和力学性能[J]. 金属热处理, 2005(11): 35-38.

Guo F, Huang J F, Wu H L, et al. Microstructure and mechanical properties of a gun steel with high strength and toughness[J]. Heat Treatment of Metals, 2005(11): 35-38.

[3]张楠, 吕超然, 徐乐. 火炮身管用钢现状及发展趋势[J]. 中国冶金, 2019, 29(5): 6-9.

Zhang N, Lyu C R, Xu L. Current status and development trend of gun barrel steel[J]. China Metallurgy, 2019, 29(5): 6-9.

[4]袁晓冬, 高灵清, 张海峰. 炮管材料的发展现状与趋势[J]. 材料开发与应用, 2017, 32(5): 98-104.

Yuan X D, Gao L Q, Zhang H F. Development and prospect of gun barrel materials[J]. Development and Application of Materials, 2017, 32(5): 98-104.

[5]樊应剑, 巴钧涛, 康永斌. 大型H13模具钢电渣重熔工艺研究[J]. 大型铸锻件, 2023(2): 16-20.

Fan Y J, Ba J T, Kang Y B. Study on electroslag remelting process of large H13 die steel[J]. Heavy Casting and Forging, 2023(2): 16-20.

[6]黄进峰, 张津, 陈俊宇, 等. 火炮身管失效机理与炮钢的发展[J]. 火炮发射与控制学报, 2023, 44(1): 10-18，29.

Huang J F, Zhang J, Chen J Y, et al. Failure mechanisms of gun barrels and the development of gun steel[J]. Journal of Gun Launch & Control, 2023, 44(1): 10-18, 29.

[7]雷丙旺, 李永清, 庞海平, 等. 新型马氏体耐热钢G115大口径厚壁无缝钢管制造技术[J]. 金属功能材料, 2020, 27(5): 14-19.

Lei B W, Li Y Q, Pang H P, et al. Manufacturing technology of novel heat resistant steel G115 large-diameter heavy wall seamless pipe[J]. Metallic Functional Materials, 2020, 27(5): 14-19.

[8]袁世丹, 黄志求, 李星逸, 等. 热处理工艺参数对40CrNiMoV钢力学性能的影响[J]. 金属热处理, 2018, 43(6): 170-174.

Yuan S D, Huang Z Q, Li X Y, et al. Effects of heat treatment process parameters on mechanical properties of 40CrNiMoV steel[J]. Heat Treatment of Metals, 2018, 43(6): 170-174.

[9]Dryukova I N, Tomenko Y S.Kinetics of the change in the size of austenite grains in low-carbon steel after deformation at high temperatures[J].Metal Science & Heat Treatment, 1974, 16(4):294-299.

[10]Du S W, Li Y T, Zheng Y.Kinetics of austenite grain growth during heating and its influence on hot deformation of LZ50 steel[J].Journal of Materials Engineering and Performance, 2016, 25(7):2661-2669.

[11]蒋乔，赵明杰，张健，等. Aermet100钢高温保温过程奥氏体晶粒演化的原位实验研究[J].锻压技术，2023，48（8）：261-267.

Jiang Q，Zhao M J，Zhang J，et al. In-situ experimental investigation on austenite grain evolution in Aermet100 steel during high temperature holding process[J]. Forging & Stamping Technology，2023，48(8)：261-267.

[12]赵明,常远,宋耀辉,等.固溶处理对316不锈钢晶粒长大和硬度的影响[J].锻压技术,2024,49(3):194-202.

Zhao M，Chang Y，Song Y H，et al.Influence of solution treatment on grain growth and hardness for 316 stainless steel[J]. Forging & Stamping Technology，2024，49(3)：194-202.

服务与反馈：

【文章下载】【加入收藏】