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汽车轮毂轴承外圈锻造工艺优化设计与仿真分析
英文标题:Optimized design and simulation analysis on automotive wheel hub bearing outer ring forging process
作者:刘鹏宇1 2 康乃正2 黄江华2 李俊玲3 纪宏超1 2   悦1 
单位:1. 华北理工大学 机械工程学院 2. 浙江兆丰机电股份有限公司 3. 北京科技大学 机械工程学院 
关键词:轴承外圈 锻造 载荷 模具磨损 金属流线 模具寿命 
分类号:TG316.3
出版年,卷(期):页码:2025,50(1):8-19
摘要:

 针对某汽车轮毂轴承外圈制备中存在的生产效率低、材料利用率低等问题,设计了精密闭式热模锻成形工艺,并根据锻造成形理论制定了镦粗、预锻、终锻3工位锻造工序。利用Deform-3D软件对轴承外圈零件的成形过程进行模拟,发现该工艺存在锻造载荷大、模具磨损深度大、模具寿命低等问题。为此对预锻结构进行改进,提出两种优化方案,并进行成形检验,依次对比2种优化方案的锻后等效应力、锻造载荷以及模具磨损情况。研究结果表明,采用方案2时锻件的金属流线及外部成形情况良好,锻造载荷降低约20%,上模和下模磨损深度分别降低了1.200×10-6和0.780×10-6 mm,有利于锻件质量提高和锻造模具寿命延长。生产试验验证表明,方案2获得的成形锻件符合生产要求。

 For the problems of low production efficiency and low material utilization in preparation of a certain automotive wheel hub bearing outer ring, a precision hot closed die forging process was designed, and based on forging forming theory, three forging processes including upsetting, pre-forging and final forging were formulated. Then, the forming process of the bearing outer ring parts was simulated by software Deform-3D, and it was found that the forging load under this process was high, the degree of die wear was deep, and the die life was low. Furthermore, the pre-forged structure was improved, and two optimization schemes were proposed, which was subjected to forming inspection and compared in sequence the post-forging equivalent stress, forging load and die wear conditions between two optimization schemes. The results indicate that the metal streamline and external forming conditions of the forgings using scheme 2 are good, the forging load decreases by approximately 20%, and the wear depths of upper die and lower die reduce by 1.200×10-6 and 0.780×10-6 mm, respectively which is helpful for improving the quality of forgings and extends the life of forging dies. Finally, the production test indicates that the formed forgings meet the production requirements by using scheme 2. 

基金项目:
河北省教育厅产学研专项(CXY2024054);唐山市人才计划项目(A202202008);河北省自然科学基金(E2022209082)
作者简介:
作者简介:刘鹏宇(2000-),男,硕士研究生 E-mail:1721585576@qq.com 通信作者:纪宏超(1986-),男,博士,教授 E-mail:jihongchao@ncst.edu.cn
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