In order to investigate the high-temperature rheological behavior and thermal working process window of 7050 aluminum alloy, the isothermal compression experiments were conducted under the conditions of the deformation temperature of 573-723 K and the strain rate of 0.01-10 s-1, and sixteen sets of rheological data were obtained. Then, based on these rheological data, a new constitutive model was proposed and compared with classical models in terms of prediction accuracy, material parameters and solution algorithms. The results indicate that the new model has the highest prediction accuracy, while HS model has the lowest prediction accuracy. Material parameter acquisition obtaining of the new model and HS model only requires multiple linear regression, and AH model requires multiple nonlinear regression. The new model has therty parameters, AH model has twenty-four parameters, and HS model has nine parameters. It can be seen that the new model reduces the difficulty of parameter acquisition and significantly improves the prediction accuracy without significantly increasing the number of material parameters. In addition, based on the new model, the analytical equation of hot processing map for 7050 aluminum alloy was deduced, and its hot processing map was drawn. The microstructure analysis results verify the effectiveness of the hot processing map. The results show the risk of instability is small at the deformation temperature of 623-723 K and the strain rate of 0.01-10 s-1. The energy dissipation rate is approximately in the range of 20%-40%, and the material can fully undergo the dynamic recrystallization.