锻压技术

固溶处理对高强轻质汽车钢组织和性能的影响

英文标题：

单位：（1.河南农业职业学院智能制造学院河南郑州 451450 2.河南科技大学材料科学与工程学院河南洛阳 471000 3.洛阳中重铸锻有限责任公司河南洛阳 471000）

分类号：TG146.2

出版年,卷(期):页码：2024,49(2):227-233

摘要：

采用金相显微镜、硬度计、拉伸试验机等方法，研究了固溶处理对锻态和和时效态高强轻质汽车用Fe-30Mn-10Al-2C钢的物相组成、显微组织和拉伸性能的影响，并分析了其作用机理。结果表明：随着固溶温度从950 ℃上升至1200 ℃，不同固溶时间下固溶态汽车钢的显微硬度逐渐减小；相同时效工艺下，固溶温度越高，汽车钢的显微硬度越大，固溶温度为1100 ℃时汽车钢的硬化特征相对明显。随着固溶温度的升高，固溶态汽车钢的晶粒尺寸逐渐增大；当固溶温度升高至1150 ℃及以上时，汽车钢中出现了δ高温铁素体相。固溶时间和时效工艺相同时，时效态汽车钢的强塑积会随着固溶温度升高先增后减，1100 ℃/1 h + 500 ℃/4 h是汽车钢适宜的固溶和时效热处理制度，此时汽车钢具有最高的强塑积，为45.66 GPa·%。

The influences of solution treatment on the phase composition, microstructure and tensile properties of high-strength lightweight automotive Fe-30Mn-10Al-2C steels in forging and aging states were studied by metallographic microscope, hardness tester, tensile testing machine and other methods, and its mechanism of action was analyzed. The results show that the microhardness of automotive steel in solid solution state gradually decreases with the increasing of solution temperature from 950 ℃ to 1200 ℃ at different solution time. Under the same aging process, the higher the solution temperature, the greater the microhardness of automotive steel. When the solution temperature is 1100 ℃, the hardening characteristics of automotive steel are relatively obvious. With the increasing of solution temperature, the grain size of automotive steel in solid solution state gradually increases. When the solid solution temperature rises to 1150 ℃ and above, high temperature ferrite phase δ appears in the automotive steel. When the solid solution time and the aging process are the same, the strength-ductility balance of aged automotive steel first increases and then decreases as the solid solution temperature increases. 1100 ℃/1 h+500 ℃/4 h is the suitable solid solution and aging heat treatment systems for automotive steel. At this time, the automotive steel has the highest strength-ductility balance of 45.66 GPa·%.

基金项目：

基金项目:河南省杰出人才创新基金资助项目(182102610014)

作者简介：李韬（1980-），男，硕士，讲师

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