锻压技术

水泵钳柄部锻造裂纹成因分析及改进

英文标题：Cause analysis and improvement on forging crack in water pump plier handle

分类号：TG316

出版年,卷(期):页码：2024,49(1):32-37

摘要：

某水泵钳采用一模两件的终锻排列，在锻造过程中发现柄部有裂纹。为直观分析裂纹成因，取柄部某一截面，采用有限元模拟的方式对其进行分析，结果表明：该裂纹是因为柄部预锻设计不合理而导致的穿筋裂纹，即在锻造过程中，当锻件柄部两侧筋部充填完整后，中间腹板部分仍有较多坯料，继续模锻时，中间腹板部分多余的坯料在锻锤的作用下以极快的速度向两侧筋部流动，将锻件穿裂。基于此，重新改进预锻型腔，使在终锻时，当筋部填充完整后，中间腹板部分的坯料尽可能少。有限元分析表明：将较宽筋部的高度由9 mm降为8 mm，较窄筋部的高度由9 mm降为6 mm后，能较好地消除穿筋裂纹缺陷。对改进后的结果进行生产验证，锻件柄部未出现裂纹问题。通过改进预锻型腔，消除了水泵钳柄部的穿筋裂纹。

The final forging arrangement of two pieces in one mold was used to produce a certain water pump plier, but cracks are found on the handle during the forging process. Therefore, in order to intuitively analyze the cause of the crack, a certain section of the handle was taken and analyzed by finite element simulation. The results show that the crack is a crack penetrating the ribs which is caused by the unreasonable pre-forging design of handle. That is, during the forging process, after the ribs on both sides of handle forgings are completely filled, there is still a lot of material in the middle web part. When the die forging continues, the excess material in the middle web part flows to the ribs on both sides at an extremely fast speed under the action of forging hammer to crack the forgings. Based on this, the pre-forging cavity is re-improved so that during the final forging, when the ribs are fully filled, there is as little material as possible in the middle web part. The finite element analysis shows that by reducing the height of wider ribs from 9 mm to 8 mm, and the height of narrow ribs from 9 mm to 6 mm, the defects of crack penetrating the ribs can be better eliminated. The improved results are verified in production and there is no crack problem in the handle of forgings. By improving the pre-forging cavity, the crack penetrating the ribs in the handle of water pump pliers are eliminated.

基金项目：

国家自然科学基金资助项目(52075278);山东省自然科学基金资助项目(ZR2022ME193)

作者简介：王延辉(1998-)，男，硕士研究生 E-mail：wyh20200228@163.com 通信作者：程联军(1974-)，男，博士，副教授 E-mail：chenglianjunwp@163.com

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