锻压技术

压缩机壳体拉深凸耳和缺料的影响因素及控制

英文标题：Influence factors and control of deep drawing lug for compressor shell

单位：（1.首钢集团有限公司技术研究院北京 100043 2.首钢股份公司迁安钢铁公司河北唐山 064400）

分类号：TG386

出版年,卷(期):页码：2023,48(6):69-75

摘要：

针对压缩机壳体用酸洗板SPHC低碳铝镇静钢在冲压过程中的拉深凸耳及其导致的缺料问题，首先，根据仿真建模和拉深凸耳的产生原因，分析了压边力、摩擦因数、坯料形状、模具间隙、板料厚度和各向异性因素对凸耳的影响，结果显示，坯料形状和各向异性是造成压缩机壳体拉深凸耳的主要因素。然后，通过变换不同的r0、r45和r90值，发现当drmax＜0.45时，可有效改善压缩机壳体由于拉深凸耳所导致的最终成形边缺料问题，且drmax越大，缺料问题越明显。最后，通过轧制工艺优化改善了钢卷边部与中部的均匀性，使拉深凸耳得到了有效控制，并针对拉深缺料问题提出了两种坯料优化方案，并给出了两种方案的缺料尺寸与补料尺寸的关系。该研究可为解决压缩机壳体拉深凸耳和缺料问题提供有效的参考依据。

Aiming at the problems of deep drawing lug and resulting material shortage in the stamping process of SPHC low carbon aluminum killed steel for pickling plate used in compressor shell, firstly, based on the simulation modeling and the cause of deep drawing lug, the influences of factors such as blank holding force, friction coefficient, blank shape, die clearance, sheet thickness and anisotropy on the lug were researched. The results show that the blank shape and anisotropy are the main factors causing the deep drawing lug of compressor shell. Then, by changing different r0、r45 and r90 values, it is found that when drmax is less than 0.45, the material shartage problem in the final formed edge caused by the deep drawing lug of compressor shell is effectively improved, and the larger the drmax value is, the more obvious the material shortage problem is. Finally, through the rolling process optimization, the uniformity of the edge and center of steel coil was improved, so that the deep drawing lug was effectively controlled, and two blank optimization schemes were proposed to solve the problem of material shortage in the deep drawing, and the relations between material shortage size and supplement size in two schemes were given. This study can provide an effective reference for solving the problems of deep drawing lug and material shortage of compressor shell.

基金项目：

胡开广（1989-），男，硕士，工程师

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