锻压技术

型材拉弯工艺理论解析研究进展

英文标题：Research progress on theoretical analysis for profile in stretch-bending process

作者：金朝海刘聪李小强李东升

单位：北京航空航天大学

分类号：TG301

出版年,卷(期):页码：2021,46(4):21-28

摘要：

拉弯工艺是一种可以有效控制弯曲件外形精度的成形方法。理论解析分析作为研究拉弯成形工艺机理与预测拉弯工件成形质量的一种研究手段，目前主要有4种方法：基于弹塑性理论标准载荷法、基于弹塑性理论过程解析法、基于能量泛函数值解析法和基于应变增量理论差分解析法。其中，方法1能给出工件关于拉伸力和弯矩的成形极限图，以预测在不同截面参数与材料下，工件卸载后的回弹和残余应力的分布；方法2基于拉弯工艺过程，着重分析截面的应力、应变状态，推算工件卸载后的回弹与拉弯工艺参数的关系；方法3与方法4均属于简化后的数值解析方法，分别基于泛函方程和差分方程展开推导，可预测拉弯成形后零件的回弹与截面畸变。针对目前研究拉弯工艺的解析法比较零散的情况，通过对解析法研究型材拉弯成形的相关文献进行分析与总结，提出一个较为可行的研究方向。

The stretch-bending process is a kind of forming method which can effectively control the shape precision of bending parts. Theoretical analytical analysis is a research method for studying the process mechanism of stretch-bending and predicting the forming quality of stretch-bending workpieces. There are currently four main methods such as standard load method based on elastoplastic theory, process analysis method based on elastoplastic theory, numerical analysis method based on energy function and difference analysis method based on strain increment theory. Among them, the method 1 gives the forming limit diagram of drawing force and bending moment for workpiece to predict the springback and residual stress distribution of workpiece with different section parameters and materials after unloading. The method 2 focuses on analyzing the stress and strain states of section to calculate the relationship between the springback of workpiece after unloading and the stretch-bending process parameters based on the stretch-bending process. The method 3 and method 4 are both simplified numerical analysis methods and are derived based on functional equations and difference equations respectively to predict the springback and section distortion of parts after stretch-bending. For the current situation that the analytic methods for researching on stretch-bending process were relatively scattered, a more feasible research direction was put forward by analyzing and summarizing the related literature on the study of analytic method for stretch-bending profile.

基金项目：

国家重点研发计划项目(2017YFB0306200)；国家自然科学基金资助项目（51775023）；航空科学基金资助项目(2016ZE51040)

金朝海（1973-），男，博士，副教授 E-mail：377792084@qq.com 通讯作者：刘聪（1997-），男，硕士研究生 E-mail：819270188@qq.com

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