锻压技术

盒形锁具外壳模锻缺陷分析及模具优化

英文标题：Mold forging defects analysis and mold optimization on box-shaped lock housing

作者：伍杰詹艳然

单位：福州大学

关键词：盒形锻件模锻折叠缩孔裂纹

分类号：TG316.3

出版年,卷(期):页码：2020,45(3):1-7

摘要：

针对智能锁具外壳模锻过程中出现的开裂问题，通过数值模拟分析了模锻过程中金属的流动规律，发现凸台处的开裂原因在于金属流入凸台型腔时，凸台心部金属流动速度快，凸台四周金属则因模具摩擦流动速度慢，从而在该处形成了挤压缩孔，并进一步发展成为向板厚方向深入的折叠，该折叠经模具压平后出现在锻件表面，其形状类似裂纹。在此基础上，提出了在凸台处冲孔和增大凸台斜度两种改进方法，来增大凸台处的充填阻力和减小凸台心部金属的流动速度。数值模拟结果表明，这两种方法都能有效避免缩孔、折叠和裂纹的产生，出于简化模具考虑，采用增大凸台斜度的改进方法。实际盒形锻件完好、无折叠缺陷。

For the cracking problem during the mold forging process of intelligent lock housing, the flow characteristics of metal during the mold forging process were investigated by numerical simulation, and the cause of cracking at the convex platform was found. When the metal flowed into the cavity of convex platform, the flow velocity of metal in the core of convex platform was fast, and the flow velocity of metal around the convex platform was slow due to the friction of mold. Then, the extrusion shrinkage cavity was formed here and further developed into the fold towards the plate thickness, the fold appeared on the surface of forgings after being flattened by the mold, and its shape resembled a crack. According to the simulation results, two modification methods for punching at the convex platform and increasing the slope of the convex platform were proposed to increase the filling resistance at the convex platform and reduce the flow velocity of metal in the center of convex platform. The numerical simulation results show that the shrinkage cavity, fold and crack are effectively prevented by the above two modification methods. In order to simplify the mold, the modification method of increasing the slope for the convex platform is adopted to product the good box-shaped forgings without fold defects.

基金项目：

伍杰（1994-），男，硕士研究生 E-mail：623257011@qq.com 通讯作者：詹艳然（1966-），男，博士后，教授，博士生导师 E-mail：zhanyr@fzu.edu.cn

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