锻压技术

高强钢液压成形零件冲孔受力分析与应用

英文标题：Force analysis and application of hydro-piercing for high strength steel hydroforming part

作者：苏海波邓将华

分类号：TG316

出版年,卷(期):页码：2019,44(10):82-87

摘要：

建立了液压冲孔受力模型，分析了冲头与模具间隙和管内液体压力变化对变形区材料受力状态的影响，阐明了液压冲孔过程中的应力变化。结合高强钢液压成形零件的应用，指出了高强钢液压冲孔缺陷和冲头失效形式，提出了高强钢液压冲孔面临的技术难题。研究结果表明，冲头与模具间隙对液压冲孔有直接影响，间隙变化可以改变应力状态、减小间隙可提升冲孔质量。当管内液体压力较低时，随着冲头前行，变形区材料应力状态由两向受压、一向受拉向两向受拉、一向受压状态转变；而当液体压力较高时，变形区材料始终处于三向压应力状态，可以通过提升管内液体压力改善冲孔质量。对于高强钢零件，为了提升冲孔冲头的使用寿命，需要优化冲头材料，选择合适的热处理方式。

The force model of hydro-piercing was established, and the influences of the gap between punch and die and the change of liquid pressure in pipe on the force state of deformation region were analyzed. Then, the stress distribution characteristics in the process of hydro-piercing were expounded. Combined with the application of high strength steel hydroforming part, the defects and failure forms of high strength steel hydro-piercing were pointed out, and the technical difficulties were put forward. The results show that the gap between punch and die directly impacts on the quality of hydro-piercing, and reducing the gap can change the stress state and improve the quality of punching. When the liquid pressure in pipe is low, the stress state of material in the deformation zone changes from two-way compression and one-way tension to two-way tension and one-way compression with the punch moving forward. However, when the liquid pressure is high, the material in the deformation zone is always in three-way compressive stress state, so the quality of piercing can be improved by raising the liquid pressure in pipe. For high strength steel parts, it is necessary to optimize the punch materials and select appropriate heat treatment methods in order to improve the service life of punch.

基金项目：

国家自然科学基金资助项目（51774097）

作者简介：苏海波（1979-），男，硕士，高级工程师 E-mail：suhaibo@baosteel.com

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