锻压技术

成形纹缺陷影响因素分析及工艺优化

英文标题：Affecting factors and process optimization of orange peel

作者：李晓刚赵爱民杨宇威李洪奇武胜军蒯振

单位：北京科技大学北京新能源汽车股份有限公司

关键词：冲压工艺成形纹缺陷应变分析安全裕度晶粒细化

分类号：TG304

出版年,卷(期):页码：2016,41(9):31-34

摘要：

以侧围外板为代表的难成形零件，对零件表面成形质量要求高，成形后用油石打磨表面后存在成形纹缺陷，

影响零件寿命以及涂装质量。应变分析后发现缺陷区域应变量安全裕度远大于10%，在此安全裕度下不会出

现严重的减薄而导致表面粗糙。由应变云图可以看出，该区域应变状态为平面应变，平面应变状态下材料晶

粒之间对变形比较敏感，晶粒间容易出现变形不协调。通过对材料生产中的热轧温度、卷取温度等工艺参数

进行优化改进，改进优化后成形件的材料组织得到了细化，成形件打磨后其材料表面较致密，有效解决了材

料的成形纹缺陷。

For hard-forming parts such as side panels, the orange peel defects produced by oil stone

polishing affect the life of parts and coating quality. It is found that the strain in the

defect area is 10% larger than that in the safety margin. However, under this safety margin,

it would not appear rough surface caused by serious thinning after margin strain analysis.

Furthermore, it is found that the strain state is plane strain. Under the plane strain state

the distance between grains in the material is sensitive to deformation, and uncoordinated

deformation is prone to happen. Moreover, process parameters of hot-rolling temperature and

curing temperature are optimized in material production, and the material microstructure is

refined. Thus, material surface of formed parts is denser after polishing, and the defects of

orange peel are solved.

基金项目：

国家自然科学基金资助项目（51271035；U1560107）

李晓刚（1980-），男，博士研究生，高级工程师

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