锻压技术

大直径无缝钢管挤压缩口成形工艺研究

英文标题：Research on necking extrusion forming process for seamless steel tube with large diameter

作者：郭永强徐春国任伟伟陈钰金张亚

单位：北京机电研究所

分类号：TG335

出版年,卷(期):页码：2014,39(12):53-57

摘要：

针对大直径无缝钢管挤压缩口成形中的各项工艺参数变化规律以及如何提高管材缩口变形程度进行了研究。运用有限元模拟软件Deform-3D分析了半锥角、加热温度、成形速度、摩擦因子和极限缩口等工艺参数之间的关系,并对其进行了优化；在理论分析基础上提出采用温度梯度法的局部加热方式可以提高管材缩口变形程度，并对温度梯度值进行优化分析。分析结果表明，管材极限缩口系数mmin与半锥角α及摩擦条件有关，最佳挤压半锥角α为23°；采用温度梯度的局部加热方式可以大大提高管材的缩口能力。实验结果表明：缩比实验（样件尺寸1∶0.6）中均匀温度场下管材缩口系数m的实验结果与数值分析结果一致；挤压缩口成形实验（样件尺寸1∶1）中,当采用温度梯度值k为1.67时，管材缩口系数m能达到0.67左右，缩口变形程度提高15％左右。

For necking extrusion forming process of seamless steel tube with large diameter, variation of process parameters and method to improve the deformation extent of necking were studied. The relationship between process parameters such as semi-cone angle, heating temperature, forming velocity, friction coefficient and limited necking coefficient was analyzed and optimized by finite element simulation software Deform-3D. Based on theoretical study, the method of localized heating with a temperature gradient was put forwarded to effectively increase the deformation extent of necking, and the values of temperature gradient were optimized. The analysis results show that limited necking coefficient mmin is relative to the semi cone angle α and the friction condition, and at the same time the best semi-cone angle is about 23°. The localized heating with a temperature gradient can increase the necking extrusion remarkably. The experimental results show that scaling ratio (size，1∶0.6) experimental result of necking coefficient m under uniform temperature field is coincident with the simulation result. In the necking extrusion forming experiment (size，1∶1), the necking coefficient m reaches about 0.67 and the necking deformation extent increases about by 15% when the temperature gradient value is 1.67.

基金项目：

国家高技术研究发展计划资助项目（2012AA040202）

郭永强（1984-），男，博士研究生

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