锻压技术

锻压态6063-0.3V铝合金的组织与性能

英文标题：Microstructure and properties of 6063-0.3V aluminum alloy in forging state

作者：郭正烜1 李子亮2

分类号：TH164

出版年,卷(期):页码：2025,50(2):235-241

摘要：

采用先预压再主压的锻压流程进行了建筑用6063-0.3V铝合金的锻压试验，并与合金锻压前的显微组织、力学性能和耐磨损性能进行了对比分析。结果表明：锻压处理细化了6063-0.3V铝合金的内部晶粒，提升了其力学性能和耐磨损性能。在始锻温度为470 ℃、终锻温度为360 ℃、预压阶段变形量为2%、主压阶段变形量为10%、锻压速度为50 mm·min-1和模具预热温度为280 ℃的锻压工艺参数下，获得了组织细小均匀、力学性能和耐磨损性能均较佳的锻压态建筑用6063-0.3V铝合金，其平均晶粒尺寸为14 μm、抗拉强度为278 MPa、屈服强度为234 MPa、断后伸长率为9.2%、磨损30 min后磨损体积仅为18.4×10-3 mm3。研究表明锻压处理是建筑用6063-0.3V铝合金获得较佳综合性能的有效途径。

The forging test of 6063-0.3V aluminum alloy for construction was carried out by using a forging process of pre-pressing first and then main pressing, and a comparative analysis was carried out on the microstructure, mechanical properties and wear resistance of the alloy before forging. The results show that the forging treatment refines the internal grains of 6063-0.3V aluminum alloy and improves its mechanical and wear resistance properties. Under the forging process parameters of the initial forging temperature of 470 ℃, the final forging temperature of 360 ℃, the deformation amount in the pre-pressing stage of 2%, the deformation amount in the main pressing stage of 10%, the forging speed of 50 mm·min-1 and the die pre-heating temperature of 280 ℃, a 6063-0.3V aluminum alloy for construction in forging state with fine and uniform microstructure, good mechanical properties and wear resistance is obtained. Its average grain size is 14 μm, tensile strength is 278 MPa, yield strength is 234 MPa, elongation at break is 9.2% and the wear volume after 30 minutes of wear is only 18.4×10-3 mm3. The research indicates that the forging treatment is an effective way to obtain 6063-0.3V aluminum alloy for construction with better comprehensive performance.

基金项目：

国家自然科学基金资助项目(52078086)

作者简介：郭正烜（1981-），男，硕士，讲师 ,E-mail：sxjygzx@126.com

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