锻压技术

应变分布对TC21钛合金组织性能的影响

英文标题：Effect of strain distribution on microstructure and properties of TC21 titanium alloy

单位：1. 沈阳飞机工业（集团）有限公司 2. 空装驻沈阳地区第一军事代表室 3. 江西景航航空锻铸有限公司

分类号：TG316.2

出版年,卷(期):页码：2025,50(2):24-31

摘要：

为了研究锻造应变分布对TC21钛合金组织性能的影响，采用DEFORM-3D有限元软件模拟分析了整体成形和分步成形过程中应变场和温度场的分布和演化规律，并通过工艺实验进行了验证。结果表明：整体成形过程中，锻件心部温升明显，且心部应变远大于边部应变；分步成形过程中，应变分布更加均匀，但锻造时间较长，锻件温度下降明显。整体成形后，拉伸性能极差较大，且由于锻件心部温升和表面变形量较低，导致锻件心部和表面存在晶界α相，进而导致塑性较低；经分步成形后，锻件的整体性能更加均匀，塑性提高。研究结果表明，分步成形方式更有利于TC21钛合金组织性能的均匀性。

In order to study the effect of forging strain distribution on the microstructure and properties of TC21 titanium alloy, the distribution and evolution laws of strain and temperature fields during the integral forming and stepwise forming processes were simulated and analyzed by using the DEFORM-3D finite element software, which was then verified through process experiments. The results show that during the integral forming process, there is a significant temperature rise in the center of forgings, and the strain in the center is much greater than that at the edges. During the stepwise forming process, the strain distribution is more uniform, but the forging time is longer and the temperature of forgings drops significantly. After the integral forming，the range of tensile properties is significantly large，moreover，due to the temperature rise in the center of forgings and the lower deformation at the surface, there is a grain boundary α phase both in the center and on the surface of forgings, resulting in lower plasticity. After the stepwise forming, the overall properties of forgings are more uniform，and the plasticity is improved. The research results indicate that the stepwise forming method is more conducive to the uniformity of the microstructure and properties of TC21 titanium alloy.

基金项目：

作者简介：王晓巍（1982-），男，学士，高级工程师,E-mail：wxw22023@qq.com;通信作者：车安达（1988-），男，学士，高级工程师,E-mail：593969534@qq.com

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