锻压技术

SUS430F不锈钢轴冷拔加工开裂机理

英文标题：Cracking mechanism on SUS430F stainless steel shaft by cold drawing process

作者：耿曌杰高玉周詹明阳李晓旭

单位：大连海事大学

分类号：TG156

出版年,卷(期):页码：2023,48(2):142-148

摘要：

针对SUS430F不锈钢轴在冷拔校直工序后开裂的问题，对开裂试样的宏观形貌、微观形貌、化学成分、金相组织和力学性能进行了检测和分析，并结合有限元分析结果查明了开裂的原因。检测结果表明：SUS430F不锈钢轴的化学成分和力学性能不满足技术要求，组织及第二相的分布情况不理想；有限元分析结果表明：冷拔工序中棒料与模具工作区接触的区域存在较大的应力集中，当应力超过临界应力时，在近材料表面处的第二相与铁素体基体界面处会萌生孔洞与微裂纹，在后续冷拔及校直工序中，微裂纹与孔洞在应力的作用下逐渐长大、聚集、扩展，最终发生了开裂。

In view of the cracking accident of SUS430F stainless steel shaft after cold drawing and straightening process, the macroscopic morphology, microscopic morphology, chemical composition, metallographic structure and mechanical properties of cracking samples were detected and analyzed, and combining with the results of finite element analysis, the reason of cracking was found out. The test results show that the chemical composition and mechanical properties of SUS430F stainless steel shaft do not meet the technical requirements, and the distribution of microstructure and the second phase is not ideal. Finite element analysis results show that in the cold drawing process, there is a larger stress concentration in the contact area between bar and working area of mold. When the stress exceeds the critical stress, voids and micro-cracks are initiated at the interface between the second phase and the ferrite matrix near the surface of the material. In the subsequent process of cold drawing and straightening, the micro-cracks and voids gradually grow, gather and expand under the action of stress, and eventually a cracking occurs.

基金项目：

作者简介：耿曌杰(1998-),男,硕士研究生，E-mail：784376327@qq.com；通信作者：高玉周(1967-),男,博士,副教授，E-mail：gaoyz@dlmu.edu.cn

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