锻压技术

多向锻造机械轴承钢的组织与性能

英文标题：Microstructure and properties of mechanical bearing steel in multi-directional forging

作者：黄东1 吴明友2 文豪1

单位：1. 广东科学技术职业学院机器人学院 2. 北京理工大学珠海学院机械工程学院

分类号：TG132.25

出版年,卷(期):页码：2022,47(4):68-73

摘要：

为了提高机械轴承钢的室温及高温耐磨损性能，对GCr15机械轴承钢进行了多向锻造试验，并对比分析了锻造前及多向锻造后轴承钢的显微组织、25 ℃室温及350 ℃高温下的耐磨损性能。结果表明：与锻造前相比，多向锻造后机械轴承钢的晶粒明显细化，碳化物由粗壮的鱼骨状变为细小的三维网状，并呈弥散分布；多向锻造使机械轴承钢在室温磨损20 min后的磨损体积从31×10-3 mm3减小至16×10-3 mm3、高温磨损20 min后的磨损体积从54×10-3 mm3减小至22×10-3 mm3，机械轴承钢的室温及高温耐磨损性能均得到了显著提高。多向锻造是提高机械轴承钢的室温及高温耐磨损性能的有效途径，具有较强的工业实用性。

In order to improve the wear resistance of mechanical bearing steel at room temperature and high temperature, the multi-directional forging test of GCr15 mechanical bearing steel was carried out, and the microstructure and wear resistance at room temperature of 25 ℃ and high temperature of 350 ℃ for bearing steel before forging and after multi-directional forging were compared and analyzed. The results show that compared with that of before forging, the grains of bearing steel after multi-directional forging are obviously refined, the carbides change from thick fishbone to fine three-dimensional network, which are dispersed and distributed. For mechanical bearing steel, the multi-directional forging reduces its wear volume from 31×10-3 to 16×10-3 mm3 after wear at room temperature for 20 minutes, while its wear volume reduces from 54×10-3 to 22×10-3 mm3 after wear at high temperature for 20 minutes, which indicating that its wear resistance at room temperature and high temperature is significantly improved. Thus, the multi-directional forging is an effective way to improve the wear resistance of mechanical bearing steel at room temperature and high temperature, which has strong industrial practicability.

基金项目：

广东省普通高校青年创新人才项目（2020KQNCX159）

作者简介：黄东(1981-)，男，学士，机械工程实验师 E-mail：houndy-d@163.com

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